• " + ": To concatenate strings
• " [ " and " ] ": For optional concatenation of strings.
• " [[ " and "]]" (double opening brackets and double closing brackets): Sub-string extraction operator
• " = "Strict equality
• " ~= ": Flexible equality
• " ~~ "Very flexible equality
• " [= "Starts with
• " [% %]"Dynamic string construction. For more details, see String interpolation.

Text is string = "San Francisco"
Text[[5]]                // Returns "F"
Text[[5 TO 10]]           // Returns "Franci"
Text[[5 TO]]              // Returns "Francisco"
Text[[TO 10]]              // Returns "San Franci"
Text[[10 ON 4]]          // Returns "isco"
Text + " and New York"      // Returns "San Francisco and New York"
IF Text [= "San" THEN Trace(Text)

The [ and ] operator

• StartString += [EndString]
  EndString is concatenated to StartString only if StartString does not end with EndString.
  For example:
  

  StartString = "San Francisco"
  EndString = "Francisco"
  StartString += [EndString]
  // StartString contains "San Francisco"

  
  

  StartString = "San "
  EndString = "Francisco"
  StartString += [EndString]
  // StartString contains "San Francisco"

• StartString += [MiddleString] + EndString
  MiddleString is concatenated to StartString only if StartString does not end with MiddleString and if EndString does not start with MiddleString. The separator is not concatenated if the source string is an empty string ("").
  For example:
  

  StartString = "C:\MyFiles\"
  MiddleString = "\"
  EndString = "MyFile.TXT"
  StartString += [MiddleString] + EndString
  // StartString contains "C:\MyFiles\MyFile.TXT"

  
  

  StartString = "C:\MyFiles"
  MiddleString = "\"
  EndString = "\MyFile.TXT"
  StartString += [MiddleString] + EndString
  // StartString contains "C:\MyFiles\MyFile.TXT"

  
  

  StartString = "C:\MyFiles"
  MiddleString = "\"
  EndString = "MyFile.TXT"
  StartString += [MiddleString] + EndString
  // StartString contains "C:\MyFiles\MyFile.TXT"

• MyString = [StartString] + EndString
  StartString is concatenated to EndString only if EndString does not start with StartString.
  For example:
  

  StartString = "Type"
  EndString = "Type of programming"
  MyString = [StartString] + EndString
  // StartString contains "Type of programming"

  
  

  StartString = "Type"
  EndString = " of programming"
  MyString = [StartString] + EndString
  // StartString contains "Type of programming"

• Filling a string with elements separated by CR characters (Carriage Return). The separator is not concatenated if the source string is an empty string.
  

  ResString is string
  FOR EACH Customer
  	ResString += [CR] + Customer.Name
  END

• Creating a file path without having to worry about the "\" characters.
  

  fOpen(DirectoryName + ["\"] + FileName)

The [[]] operator

The [[]] operator can only be used to extract a substring.

• STRINGTOEXTRACT[[<Position>]]
• CHAINEAEXTRAIRE[[<Position>]] = <Nouvelle chaîne>: Replaces the string character with the new string..
  The above-mentioned syntax is not available in this version.
• STRINGTOEXTRACT[[<Start> to <End>]]
• STRINGTOEXTRACT[[<Start> to]]
• STRINGTOEXTRACT[[to <End>]]
• STRINGTOEXTRACT[[<Start> on <Number>]]

PROCEDURE P(sString)
IF sString THEN sString="5"
// -- Call to the procedure via the line:
p(sVar[[3 TO]])

• by using brackets around the parameter in the call to the procedure,
• by using the Local keyword in the header of the procedure.

• WINDEV: The operator [[]] used with a negative value in the second terminal returns an empty string ("").
• WINDEV 7.5: The operator [[]] used with a negative value in the second terminal returns the complete string.

// Variables
sString is string = EDT_HTML
sCharact is string
i is int = 1
// Browse the HTML control
sCharact = sString[[i TO i]]
WHILE i <= Length(sString) 
	i++
	// Process on sCharact here 
	// Next characters
	sCharact = sString[[i TO i]]
END

Loose equality and very loose equality

• make no difference between the uppercase characters and the lowercase characters,
• ignore the space characters found before and after the string whose test must be run,
• ignore the lowercase accented characters,
• ignore the space characters and the punctuation characters inside the strings (very loose equality only).

HFSQL equivalence HFSQL Equivalence: To retrieve the very flexible equality equivalence when searching on a text key in an HFSQL data file, it is necessary to configure the following options when describing the field in the analysis:

The "Very loose equality" operator is not available in browser code.

Operators on the character strings and UNICODE

• " + ": To concatenate strings
• " [ "and " ] "For optional concatenation of strings
• " [[ " and " ]] "(double hook opening and double hook closing): Sub-string extraction operator
• " [= ": Starts with

• If the string passed as parameter is in ANSI format, the result returned by the [[]] operator will be in ANSI format.
• If the string passed as parameter is in Unicode format, the result returned by the [[]] operator will be in UNICODE format.
• The position parameters and the length parameters are expressed in number of characters.

Position in a character string

• The position of the first character is set to 1 (and not to 0).
• Position returns the start position of a specified character string inside another character string.

WLanguage functions

• Right
• Left
• Middle
• for managing the character strings